stardate: els objectius de les dones

ursula k. le guin

el nom del món és bosc

No hi ha res que m'agradi més de tots els escrits de Freud que l'asserció que l'obra de l'artista està motivada pel desig "d'assolir l'honor, el poder, la riquesa, la fama, i l'amor de les dones."

...

Hi ha hagut artistes que hi ha estat d'acord; Ernest Hemingway, per exemple; com a mínim, va dir que escrivia per diners, i com que era un artista honorat, poderós, ric, famós i estimar per les dones, devia saber de què parlava.

...

Riches I hold in esteem,
And love I laugh to scorn,
And lust of fame was but a dream
That vanished with the morn.

And if I pray, the only prayer
That moves my lips for me
Is, 'Leave the heart that now I bear,
And give me liberty!'
....
Les riqueses tinc en poca estima,
I de l'amor amb menyspreu me'n ric,
I el desig de fama va ser la fantasia
que amb l'albada va morir.

I l'única pregària, si prego,
que aconsegueixo pronunciar
És "Deixa el cor que ara poseeixo,
I dona'm a canvi la llibertat!"

Emily Brontë

stardate: encara ploro

moltes vegades, quan escolto les notícies, quan miro el 324, encara ploro. 

recordo que a l'estiu del 2017 era normal. estava pendent de les notícies perquè m'interessava molt la política catalana (ara no recordo si aleshores ja li dèiem procés) però llavors ho feia d'una manera normal.

durant les vacances no calia estar tant pendent de les notícies, perquè a l'agost no havia de passar res. jo m'havia reservat la sèrie downton abbey per veure-la durant les vacances. m'hi vaig posar i em vaig quedar totalment enganxada. no feia res més que posar-me un episodi rera l'altre. m'encanta endinsar-me del tot en la vida dels protagonistes de les sèries. i m'encanta riure i plorar amb ells. i això és el que vaig fer aquell estiu ... fins que vaig arribar al final de l'últim episodi. va passar exactament el dia 17 d'agost a les 17.10 de la tarda. en aquell moment vaig fer un sospir, vaig agafar aire i vaig decidir tornar a la vida real.

en un primer intent de posar-me al dia vaig obrir al mòbil la pàgina del diari ara i aleshores em vaig adonar del que estava passant: l'atemptat de les rambles en directe.

aquell dia vaig deixar de mirar sèries i em vaig connectar directament al 324. després dels atemptats van venir els fets del setembre, els de l'octubre, la repressió, les eleccions, ... des d'aleshores que mirant el 324 visc emocions semblants a les que abans vivia mirant sèries: em sento part molt propera de la vida dels protagonistes, poques vegades m'han fet riure i moltes m'han fet plorar. he plorat de tristesa, de ràbia, d'emoció, ...

avui tinc un nus a la gola. l'emoció provocada pels esdeveniments que s'esperen és molt forta. i quan posi les notícies tornaré a plorar.

stardate: dones i promoció laboral

GLASS CEILING

women in academic economics in the us: 28.8% of phd graduates and 13.9% of full professors (CSWEP 2017)

supply side: less likely to apply for promotions

gender differences on psychological attributes (Akerlof and Kranton 2000, Bertrand 2011)

1) preference for competitive environments (NIederle and Vesterlund 2007, Buster et al. 2014)

2) bargaining abilities in the labor market (Babcock and Laschever 2003, Blackaby et al. 2005)

3) children and family tradeoffs (Fernández et al. 2004, Goldin 2006, Bertrand 2013, Bertrand et al. 2015)

demand side: less likely to be selected

gender-based discrimination (Goldin and Rouse 2000)

multiple equilibria:

women are paid less if expected to devote time to home production.

then: women exert less effort, obtain lower pay, devote more time to home work, thus fulfill the expectations.

ECB policy supporting diversity 2010, including explicit gender targets has implied (Hospido, Laeven and Lamo 2020):

1) wage gap emerge within a few years of hiring, and grows steadily with tenure.

2) women are less likely to be promoted prior to the change in policy, and the promotion gap disappears after it.

3) women are less likely to apply for promotion before the change. application gap is larger for women that compete within a stronger peer group (Niederle and Vesterlund 2007)

4) application gap remains after policy change.

5) following promotion women perform better in terms of salary progression




women are less likely to receive outside offers (Bosquet et al. 2019)

career progression is faster for women with female bosses (Kunze and Miller 2017)

conditional on publication in a top academic journal, women have higher citations (Card et al. 2020)

stardate: dones i treball

WAGE GAP

Women in the EU are less present in the labour market than men. The gender employment gap stood at 11.7% in 2019, with 67.3 % of women across the EU being employed compared to 79% of men (EU27 data).

The gender pay gap in the EU stands at 14.1% and has only changed minimally over the last decade. It means that women earn 14.1% on average less per hour than men. It has only changed minimally over the last decade

Women in the EU even earned 36.7% less than men overall in 2018. One of the reasons is the fact that on average women spend fewer hours in paid work than men: Whereas only 8% of men in the EU in 2019 worked in part-time, almost a third of women across the EU (30.7 %) did so.

differences in abilities and preferences over jobs (Polacheck 1081, Azmat and Ferrer 2017)
discrimination (Goldin and Rouse 2000)
women are more risk averse and less competitive (Gneezy et al. 2003, Niederle and Vesterlund 2007, Buse et al. 2014)
men are moreover-confident (Barber and Odean 2001, Bordalo et al. 2019)
both men and women rate male applicants higher for jobs that require math skills (Moss-Racusin et al. 2012)
legislation that increases pay transparency reduces gender pay gap (Bennedsen at al. 2019)
women are more severely punished for financial misconduct (Egan et al. 2019)
female executives are more likely to exit following industry-wide contractions (Landsman 2018)
career-family balance produce job interruptions and reduce earning growth (Lazear and Rosen 1990, Goldin 2014, bertrand et al. 2010, Kunze 2020, Bertrand 2013)
educational differences are not an issue (Goldin et al. 2006)
women take longer in obtaining promotions (Ginther and Hayes 1999, Ginther and Kahn 2004)

stardate: dones i violència. agressions

according to UN Women data

more than one in three women worldwide report having experienced physical or sexual violence in their lifetime, most frequently by an intimate partner — and this is likely a low estimate.

1 in 2 women killed worldwide were killed by their partners or family in 2017; while only 1 out of 20 men were killed under similar circumstances.

Only 52% of women married or in a union freely make their own decisions about sexual relations, contraceptive use and health care.

71% of all human trafficking victims worldwide are women and girls, and 3 out of 4 of these women and girls are sexually exploited.

stardate: dones i violència. presons

les diferències entre dones i homes es poden deure a raons biològiques, socials, educacionals, ... aproximadament es poden explicar així: un 33% pel naixement, un 33% per l'aprenentatge i un 33% per les decisions preses. 

aquestes diferències es tradueixen en diferències de comportament, de motivacions, de valors, ... sobre això se'n pot discutir molt, suposo per la manca d'estudis que ordenin i analitzin les evidències.

però hi ha una data que sembla indiscutible: la proporció de dones a les presons és de mitja (als països de la unió europea, i és bastant semblant en general) del voltant del 5%.

els crims més comuns pels que es condemna a les dones inclouen la prostitució, el consum de drogues i el frau. res a veure amb crims violents.

stardate: dones i cites

 

Riana Duncan

women are under-represented as a result of discrimination rather than ability.

simone de beauvoir: The second sex

The point is not for women simply to take power out of men's hands, since that wouldn't change anything about the world. It's a question precisely of destroying that notion of power.

angela davis

no estic acceptant les coses que no puc canviar, estic canviant les coses que no puc acceptar.

Feminism is the radical notion that women are people.

emily dickinson

we ignore our own stature until we stand up.

emily dickinson: We never know how high we are (1176)

We never know how high we are
Till we are called to rise;
And then, if we are true to plan,
Our statures touch the skies—
The Heroism we recite
Would be a daily thing,
Did not ourselves the Cubits warp
For fear to be a King—

lourdes beneria

jo veig tres línies. Primer, promocionar sectors que puguin afavorir el treball de les dones i tenir clar quines indústries posen la vida al centre, a les quals s’ha de donar suport, i quines no. Segon, empènyer l’estat a protegir cada vegada més les tasques de cura. Per exemple, a Espanya no hi ha prou guarderies, és el país de la Unió Europea que en té menys. I, tercer, ajudar i repartir el treball en l’esfera reproductiva.

marylin monroe
women who seek to be equal with men, lack ambition.


dita molt comuna

que la meva mare o la meva avia ho pugui entendre

d.h. lawrence, Lady Chatterley’s lover
She was too feminine to be quite smart.

mary beard: Women and power
A woman speaking in public was, in most circumstances, by definition not a woman.

It is still the case that when listeners hear a female voice, they do not hear a voice that connotes authority.

How can we make ourselves more aware about the processes and prejudices that make us not listen to her.

... if women are not perceived to be fully within the structures of power, surely it is power that we need to redefine rather than women.

... the presence of large numbers of women in parliament means that parliament is where power is not. (Saudi Arabian National Council)

What I have in mind is the ability to be effective, to make a difference in the world, and the right to be taken seriously, together as much as individually.

virginia woolf: The death of the moth and other essays
Professions for women
Even when the path is nominally open—when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant— there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way. To discuss and define them is I think of great value and importance; for thus only can the labour be shared, the difficulties be solved. But besides this, it is necessary also to discuss the ends and the aims for which we are fighting, for which we are doing battle with these formidable obstacles. Those aims cannot be taken for granted; they must be perpetually questioned and examined. The whole position, as I see it—here in this hall surrounded by women practising for the first time in history I know not how many different professions—is one of extraordinary interest and importance. You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men. You are able, though not without great labour and effort, to pay the rent. You are earning your five hundred pounds a year. But this freedom is only a beginning—the room is your own, but it is still bare. It has to be furnished; it has to be decorated; it has to be shared. How are you going to furnish it, how are you going to decorate it? With whom are you going to share it, and upon what terms? These, I think are questions of the utmost importance and interest. For the first time in history you are able to ask them; for the first time you are able to decide for yourselves what the answers should be.

najat el hachmi: sempre han parlat de nosaltres
... la dita de Rosa Luxemburg quan diu que qui no es mou no nota les cadenes.

l'islam no es bo per a les dones perquè l¡islam, com qualsevol altra religió monoteista, ha estat inventat, difós i imposat pels homes i pel sistema que en perpetua el poder, l'artista anteriorment conegut com a patriarcat.

carme karr
no som, com alguns creuen, per ser feministes, enemigues de l'home...
però som enemigues de les injustícies de certes lleis, fetes pels homes.